Ibintu byanduza ibintu byo kumesa amazi yo kumesa bisa no gukaraba ifu nisabune.Ibikoresho byayo bikora cyane cyane bitari ionic surfactants, kandi imiterere yabyo irimo amaherezo ya hydrophilique na lipofilique.Muri byo, impera ya lipofilique ihujwe n’ikizinga, hanyuma ikizinga nigitambara bitandukanijwe no kugenda kwumubiri (nko gukubita intoki, kugenda imashini).Muri icyo gihe, surfactant igabanya ubukana bwamazi, kugirango amazi ashobore kugera hejuru yigitambara kugirango akore ibintu bikora.
Itondekanya ryimyenda yo kumesa
1. Ukurikije igipimo cya surfactant, amazi yo kumesa ashobora kugabanywamo amazi asanzwe (15% -25%) hamwe namazi yibanze (25% -30%).Umubare munini wikigereranyo cya surfactants, niko imbaraga zo gukumira, hamwe na dosiye ugereranije.
2. Ukurikije intego, irashobora kugabanywa mumazi-rusange (impamba rusange nigitambara cyimyenda, nkimyenda, amasogisi, nibindi) hamwe namazi adasanzwe akora (imyenda yo kumesa imyenda yimbere, ikoreshwa cyane mugukaraba intoki imbere. Uruhinja kumesa ibikoresho byo kumesa, byakozwe byumwihariko kuruhu rworoshye).
Ifu yo gukaraba ni alkaline synthique detergent, cyane muburyo bwa granules yera.Hariho ibyiciro bitanu byibikoresho byogeza: ibikoresho bikora, ibikoresho byubaka, ibikoresho bya buffer, ibikoresho bihuza, ibitandukanya LBD-1, nibikoresho byunganira.
Ibikoresho bifatika nibintu bigira uruhare runini mukwoza ifu.Kugirango hamenyekane ingaruka zo kwanduza, muri rusange hateganijwe ko igipimo cyibintu bikora neza bitagomba kuba munsi ya 13%.Kubera ko surfactants nyinshi zifite ibice byinshi bifata ifuro, abaguzi barashobora kumenya niba ifu yo kumesa ari nziza cyangwa mbi ukurikije ifuro ryifu yo kumesa imaze gushonga mumazi.
Ibikoresho byubaka nibintu byingenzi bigize ifu yo gukaraba, bingana na 15% -40%.Igikorwa nyamukuru cyacyo nukworoshya amazi muguhuza ubukana ion bukubiye mumazi, kugirango surfactant ibashe gukora ingaruka zayo ntarengwa.Ibyo bita fosifore irimo imyenda yo kumesa (fosifate) hamwe na fosifore idafite imyenda yo kumesa (zeolite, sodium karubone, sodium silike, nibindi), mubyukuri biterwa nuko umwubatsi ukoreshwa mumafu yo gukaraba ari fosifore cyangwa idafite fosifore. .
Kuberako ikizinga gisanzwe muri rusange ari ibara kama (ibyuya byu icyuya, ibiryo, umukungugu, nibindi), kandi ni acide.Kubwibyo, ibintu bya alkaline byongeweho kugirango bitabogamye kandi byoroshye kuvanaho.
Byinshi mubitandukaniro hagati yibirango biterwa no gutandukanya ibintu bigize synergiste.Kurugero, imyiteguro itandukanye ya enzyme irashobora kongera ubushobozi bwo gukora isuku yo koza ifu kumaraso, irangi ryu icyuya hamwe namavuta.Imiti igabanya ubukana irinda imyenda guhinduka umuhondo nicyatsi nyuma yo gukaraba byinshi.Ibikoresho byoroshya hamwe na antistatike birashobora kurinda no kunoza imyenda yoroshye.
Ibikoresho byingirakamaro bigira ingaruka cyane cyane kubitunganya no kwerekana ibyiyumvo byo kumesa, kandi nta ngaruka bigira ku isuku nyirizina.
Ibyiciro byo kumesa
1. Ukurikije ubushobozi bwo kwanduza, igabanijwemo cyane ifu isanzwe yo gukaraba hamwe nifu yo gukaraba.Ifu isanzwe yo gukaraba ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora isuku kandi ikoreshwa cyane mugukaraba intoki.Imyenda yo kumesa yibanze ifite ubushobozi bwo kwanduza kandi ikoreshwa cyane mugukaraba imashini.
2. Urebye niba irimo fosifore, irashobora kugabanywamo ifu yo gukaraba irimo fosifore hamwe nifu yo gukaraba idafite fosifore.Ifu yo gukaraba irimo fosifore ikoresha fosifate nkubwubatsi nyamukuru.Fosifore iroroshye gutera eutrophasi yamazi, bityo ikangiza ubwiza bwamazi kandi ikangiza ibidukikije.Ifu yo gukaraba idafite fosifati irinda ibi neza kandi ni ingirakamaro mu kurinda amazi.
3. Enzyme yo kumesa ifu hamwe nifu yo kumesa.Ifu yo koza ya Enzyme ifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukora isuku kubintu byihariye (umutobe, wino, amaraso, amata, nibindi).Ifu yo kumesa impumuro nziza irashobora gutuma imyenda isohora impumuro nziza mugihe cyo gukaraba, hasigara imyenda impumuro nziza.
Itandukaniro riri hagati yo kumesa no kumesa
Surfactant yo kumesa ifu ni anionic surfactant, mugihe surfactant yimyenda yo kumesa idakoreshwa.Byombi bifite ibintu bisa, ariko amazi yo kumesa yo kumesa afite byinshi abuza guhitamo ibikoresho bibisi.Ifu yo gukaraba ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora isuku kuruta amazi yo kumesa, ariko amazi yo kumesa atera kwangirika kwimyenda kuruta kumesa.
Kubwibyo, birasabwa gukoresha amazi yo kumesa kumyenda yambara kuruhande rwumubiri, ubwoya, ubudodo nindi myenda yo murwego rwo hejuru.Hitamo ifu yo kumesa yanduye kandi bigoye-gukaraba amakoti aremereye, ipantaro, amasogisi (ipamba, imyenda, fibre chimique, nibindi, bikozwe mubikoresho bikomeye).
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-27-2022
